S2 Nerve Root (S2)

Authors

Affiliations

Nathaniel Yomogida, B.S., SPT

Doctor of Physical Therapy

B.S. in Kinesiology

Chloë Kerstein, B.S., SPT

Doctor of Physical Therapy

B.A. in Neuroscience

Peripheral Nerve Supply

Nerve	Roots	Motor Innervation	Cutaneous Innervation
Posterior Cutaneous Nerve of the Thigh
Sciatic N.
Common Fibular N.	L4, L5, S1, S2
Tibial N.	L4, L5, S1, S2, S3
Pudendal N.	S2, S3, S4

Muscle Supply

Motor Innervation

Examination

DTR

Achilles Reflex (S1, S2)

References

Gilroy AM, MacPherson BR, Wikenheiser JC, Voll MM, Wesker K, Schünke M, eds. Atlas of Anatomy. 4th ed. Thieme; 2020.

Citation

For attribution, please cite this work as:

Yomogida N, Kerstein C. S2 Nerve Root (S2). https://yomokerst.com/The Archive/Anatomy/Nerve Roots/S2_nerve_root.html

S2 Nerve Root Skeletal Muscle Innervations
Muscle	Origin	Insertion	Innervation	Action
Abductor digiti minimi (Foot)	Plantar aponeurosis¹ [Plantar aponeurosis](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	5th metatarsal tuberosity¹ [5th metatarsal tuberosity](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Medial Plantar n.¹ S1 - S2¹ [Medial Plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S1](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	5th Toe [MTP Abduction](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] Arch support [Longitudinal arch support](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Abductor hallucis	Medial calcaneal tuberosity¹ Plantar aponeurosis¹ Flexor retinaculum¹ [Medial calcaneal tuberosity](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Plantar aponeurosis](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Flexor retinaculum](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Medial aspect of 1st Proximal phalanx¹ [Medial aspect of 1st Proximal phalanx](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Lateral Plantar n.¹ Lateral Plantar n. (Deep branch)¹ S1 - S3¹ [Lateral Plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Lateral Plantar n. (Deep branch)](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/adductor_hallucis.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S1](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#nerve) - [S3](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/adductor_hallucis.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	1st Toe [MTP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [MTP Abduction](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] Arch support [Longitudinal arch support](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Abductor digiti minimi	Medial tubercle of calcaneal tuberosity¹ Cuboid¹ Lateral cuneiforms¹ 3-5th MTP joints¹ Deep transverse metatarsal lig.¹ [Medial tubercle of calcaneal tuberosity](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Cuboid](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/adductor_hallucis.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Lateral cuneiforms](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/adductor_hallucis.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [3-5th MTP joints](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/adductor_hallucis.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Deep transverse metatarsal lig.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/adductor_hallucis.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Base of 5th proximal phalanx¹ Base of 1st proximal phalanx (via common tendon)¹ [Base of 5th proximal phalanx](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Base of 1st proximal phalanx (via common tendon)](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/adductor_hallucis.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Tibial n.¹ L5 - S2¹ [Tibial n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_long_head.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [L5](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_long_head.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_long_head.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	1st MTP [Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/adductor_hallucis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Adduction](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/adductor_hallucis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] 5th Toe [MTP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] Arch Support [Transverse head supports transverse arch](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/adductor_hallucis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Oblique head supports longitudinal arch](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/adductor_hallucis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Biceps femoris long head	Ischial tuberosity¹ Sacrotuberous lig.¹ (Common head with semitendinosus)¹ [Ischial tuberosity](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_long_head.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Sacrotuberous lig.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_long_head.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [(Common head with semitendinosus)](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_long_head.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Fibular head¹ [Fibular head](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_long_head.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Common Fibular n.¹ L5 - S2¹ [Common Fibular n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_short_head.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [L5](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_short_head.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_short_head.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Hip [Extension](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_long_head.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] Knee [Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_long_head.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [ER](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_long_head.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] Pelvis [Sagittal stabilization](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_long_head.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Biceps femoris short head	Lateral lip of Linea aspera¹ [Lateral lip of Linea aspera](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_short_head.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Fibular head¹ [Fibular head](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_short_head.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Lateral plantar n.¹ S2 - S3¹ [Lateral plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/dorsal_interossei.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/dorsal_interossei.qmd#nerve) - [S3](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/dorsal_interossei.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Knee [Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_short_head.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [ER](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/biceps_femoris_short_head.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Dorsal interossei (4 muscles)	1-5 metatarsals (two heads on opposing sides)¹ [1-5 metatarsals (two heads on opposing sides)](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/dorsal_interossei.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Medial aspect of 2nd proximal phalanx base¹ Lateral aspect of 2nd-4th proximal phalanx bases¹ 2-4 Toes at Dorsal aponeurosis¹ [Medial aspect of 2nd proximal phalanx base](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/dorsal_interossei.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Lateral aspect of 2nd-4th proximal phalanx bases](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/dorsal_interossei.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [2-4 Toes at Dorsal aponeurosis](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/dorsal_interossei.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Lateral Plantar n. (superficial branch)¹ S2 - S3¹ [Lateral Plantar n. (superficial branch)](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digiti_minimi_brevis_foot.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digiti_minimi_brevis_foot.qmd#nerve) - [S3](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digiti_minimi_brevis_foot.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	2nd-4th Toes [MTP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/dorsal_interossei.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [MTP 3-4 abduction](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/dorsal_interossei.qmd#action) NA [PIP Extension](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/dorsal_interossei.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [DIP Extension](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/dorsal_interossei.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Flexor digiti minimi brevis (foot)	Base of 5th Metatarsal¹ Long plantar lig.¹ [Base of 5th Metatarsal](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digiti_minimi_brevis_foot.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Long plantar lig.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digiti_minimi_brevis_foot.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Base of 5th proximal phalanx¹ [Base of 5th proximal phalanx](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digiti_minimi_brevis_foot.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Medial Plantar n.¹ S1 - S2¹ [Medial Plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S1](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	5th MTP Flexion¹ [5th MTP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digiti_minimi_brevis_foot.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Flexor digitorum brevis	Medial tubercle of calcaneal tuberosity¹ Plantar aponeurosis¹ [Medial tubercle of calcaneal tuberosity](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Plantar aponeurosis](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Sides of middle phalanx 2-5¹ [Sides of middle phalanx 2-5](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Tibial n.¹ L5 - S2¹ [Tibial n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_digitorum_longus_FDL.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [L5](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_digitorum_longus_FDL.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_digitorum_longus_FDL.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	2nd-5th Toe [MTP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [PIP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] Arch support [Longitudinal arch support](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_digitorum_brevis.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Flexor digitorum longus	Middle ⅓ of posterior surface of Tibia¹ [Middle ⅓ of posterior surface of Tibia](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_digitorum_longus_FDL.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Bases of 2-5 Distal Phalanges¹ [Bases of 2-5 Distal Phalanges](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_digitorum_longus_FDL.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Lateral Plantar n.¹ Medial Plantar n.¹ S1 - S2¹ [Lateral Plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Medial Plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S1](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	2nd-5th Toe [MTP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_digitorum_longus_FDL.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [PIP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_digitorum_longus_FDL.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [DIP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_digitorum_longus_FDL.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] STJ [Inversion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_digitorum_longus_FDL.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] TCJ [PF](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_digitorum_longus_FDL.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Flexor hallucis brevis	Cuboid¹ Lateral cuneiforms¹ Plantar calcaneocuboid lig.¹ [Cuboid](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Lateral cuneiforms](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Plantar calcaneocuboid lig.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Medial Sesamoid bone¹ Lateral Sesamoid bone¹ [Medial Sesamoid bone](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Lateral Sesamoid bone](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Tibial n.¹ L5 - S2¹ [Tibial n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_hallucis_longus_FHL.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [L5](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_hallucis_longus_FHL.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_hallucis_longus_FHL.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	MTP Flexion¹ Supports Longitudinal Arch¹ [MTP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Supports Longitudinal Arch](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/flexor_hallucis_brevis.html#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Flexor hallucis longus	Posterior distal ⅔ of Fibula¹ IO membrane¹ [Posterior distal ⅔ of Fibula](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_hallucis_longus_FHL.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [IO membrane](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_hallucis_longus_FHL.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Base of 1st Distal Phalanx¹ [Base of 1st Distal Phalanx](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_hallucis_longus_FHL.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Tibial n.¹ S1 - S2¹ [Tibial n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/gastrocnemius.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S1](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/gastrocnemius.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/gastrocnemius.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	1st Toe [MTP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_hallucis_longus_FHL.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [IP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_hallucis_longus_FHL.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] STJ [Inversion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_hallucis_longus_FHL.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] TCJ [PF](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/flexor_hallucis_longus_FHL.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Gastrocnemius	Superior-posterior aspect of Medial Femoral Condyle¹ Lateral surface of Lateral Femoral Condyle¹ [Superior-posterior aspect of Medial Femoral Condyle](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/gastrocnemius.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Lateral surface of Lateral Femoral Condyle](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/gastrocnemius.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Calcaneal tuberosity via Achilles’ Tendon¹ [Calcaneal tuberosity via Achilles’ Tendon](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/gastrocnemius.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Inferior gluteal n.¹ L5 - S2¹ [Inferior gluteal n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/gluteus_maximus_muscle.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [L5](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/gluteus_maximus_muscle.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/gluteus_maximus_muscle.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Knee [Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/gastrocnemius.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] TCJ [PF](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/gastrocnemius.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Gluteus Maximus	Sacrum (dorsal surface, lateral part)¹ Ilium (gluteal surface, posterior part)¹ Thoracolumbar fascia¹ sacrotuberous lig.¹ [Sacrum (dorsal surface, lateral part)](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/gluteus_maximus_muscle.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Ilium (gluteal surface, posterior part)](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/gluteus_maximus_muscle.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Thoracolumbar fascia](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/gluteus_maximus_muscle.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [sacrotuberous lig.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/gluteus_maximus_muscle.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	IT Band¹ Gluteal tuberosity¹ [IT Band](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/gluteus_maximus_muscle.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Gluteal tuberosity](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/gluteus_maximus_muscle.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Medial Plantar n.¹ Lateral Plantar n.¹ S2 - S3¹ [Medial Plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Lateral Plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#nerve) - [S3](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Entire mm. [Extension](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/gluteus_maximus_muscle.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [ER](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/gluteus_maximus_muscle.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] Lower fibers [Adduction](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/gluteus_maximus_muscle.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] Upper fibers [Abduction](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/gluteus_maximus_muscle.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Lumbricals (Foot)	FDL tendons (medial borders)¹ [FDL tendons (medial borders)](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	2-5th toes at dorsal aponeurosis¹ [2-5th toes at dorsal aponeurosis](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Lateral Plantar n. (superficial branch)¹ S2 - S3¹ [Lateral Plantar n. (superficial branch)](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/opponens_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/opponens_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#nerve) - [S3](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/opponens_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	2nd-5th Toes [MTP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [PIP Extension](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [DIP Extension](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/foot_lumbricals.html#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Opponens digiti minimi	Long plantar lig.¹ Fibularis longus plantar tendon sheath¹ [Long plantar lig.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/opponens_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Fibularis longus plantar tendon sheath](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/opponens_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	5th metatarsal¹ [5th metatarsal](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/opponens_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Sacral Plexus Direct Br.¹ S1 - S2¹ [Sacral Plexus Direct Br.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/piriformis_muscle.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S1](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/piriformis_muscle.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/piriformis_muscle.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Pulls 5th metatarsal in plantar and medial direction¹ [Pulls 5th metatarsal in plantar and medial direction](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/opponens_digiti_minimi_foot.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Piriformis	Anterior Sacrum¹ [Anterior Sacrum](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/piriformis_muscle.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Apex of the Greater Trochanter¹ [Apex of the Greater Trochanter](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/piriformis_muscle.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Lateral plantar n.¹ S2 - S3¹ [Lateral plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/plantar_interossei.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/plantar_interossei.qmd#nerve) - [S3](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/plantar_interossei.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Hip [ER](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/piriformis_muscle.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Abduction](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/piriformis_muscle.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Extension](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/piriformis_muscle.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Stabilization](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Gluteal Muscles/piriformis_muscle.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Plantar interossei (3 muscles)	Medial border of 3rd-5th metatarsals¹ [Medial border of 3rd-5th metatarsals](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/plantar_interossei.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Medial aspect of 3rd-5th proximal phalanx¹ [Medial aspect of 3rd-5th proximal phalanx](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/plantar_interossei.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Tibial n.¹ S1 - S2¹ [Tibial n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/plantaris_muscle.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S1](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/plantaris_muscle.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/plantaris_muscle.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	3rd-5th Toes [MTP Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/plantar_interossei.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [MTP Adduction](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/plantar_interossei.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [PIP Extension](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/plantar_interossei.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [DIP Extension](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/plantar_interossei.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Plantaris	Lateral epicondyle of Femur¹ [Lateral epicondyle of Femur](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/plantaris_muscle.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Calcaneal tuberosity¹ [Calcaneal tuberosity](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/plantaris_muscle.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Lateral Plantar n.¹ S1 - S3¹ [Lateral Plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/quadratus_plantae.html#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S1](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/quadratus_plantae.html#nerve) - [S3](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/quadratus_plantae.html#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Knee [negligble Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/plantaris_muscle.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] Proprioception [Organ of proprioception for the plantarflexors](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/plantaris_muscle.qmd#action) @spinaPlantarisMuscleAnatomy2007 TCJ [PF](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/plantaris_muscle.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Quadratus plantae	Calcaneal tuberosity (medial and plantar borders)¹ [Calcaneal tuberosity (medial and plantar borders)](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/quadratus_plantae.html#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Tendons of FDL (lateral borders)¹ [Tendons of FDL (lateral borders)](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/quadratus_plantae.html#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Tibial n.¹ L5 - S2¹ [Tibial n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semimembranosus.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [L5](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semimembranosus.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semimembranosus.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Redirects and augments pull of the FDL¹ [Redirects and augments pull of the FDL](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/quadratus_plantae.html#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Semimembranosus	Ischial tuberosity¹ [Ischial tuberosity](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semimembranosus.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Medial tibial condyle¹ Oblique popliteal lig.¹ Popliteus fascia¹ [Medial tibial condyle](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semimembranosus.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Oblique popliteal lig.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semimembranosus.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Popliteus fascia](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semimembranosus.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Tibial n.¹ L5 - S2¹ [Tibial n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semitendinosus.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [L5](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semitendinosus.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semitendinosus.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Hip [Extension](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semimembranosus.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] Knee [Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semimembranosus.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [IR](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semimembranosus.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] Pelvis [Sagittal stabilization](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semimembranosus.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Semitendinosus	Ischial tuberosity¹ Sacrotuberous lig.¹ (common head with biceps femoris long head)¹ [Ischial tuberosity](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semitendinosus.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Sacrotuberous lig.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semitendinosus.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [(common head with biceps femoris long head)](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semitendinosus.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Pes anserine¹ [Pes anserine](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semitendinosus.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Tibial n.¹ S1 - S2¹ [Tibial n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/soleus_muscle.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S1](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/soleus_muscle.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/soleus_muscle.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Hip [Extension](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semitendinosus.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] Knee [Flexion](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semitendinosus.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [IR](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semitendinosus.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] Pelvis [Sagittal stabilization](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Thigh Muscles/Posterior Thigh Muscles/semitendinosus.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]
Soleus	Posterior Fibula¹ Posterior Tibia¹ [Posterior Fibula](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/soleus_muscle.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [Posterior Tibia](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/soleus_muscle.qmd#origin) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Calcaneal tuberosity via Achilles’ Tendon¹ [Calcaneal tuberosity via Achilles’ Tendon](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/soleus_muscle.qmd#insertion) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Medial Plantar n.¹ S1 - S2¹ [Medial Plantar n.](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] [S1](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#nerve) - [S2](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Ankle and Foot/Intrinsic Dorsal Foot Muscles/abductor_hallucis.qmd#nerve) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]	Lower leg [Stabilization](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/soleus_muscle.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020] TCJ [PF](/The Archive/Anatomy/Skeletal Muscles/Lower limb muscles/Knee and Lower Leg/Posterior compartment/soleus_muscle.qmd#action) [@gilroyAtlasAnatomy2020]